Multiple-use paver



Nov. 29, 1966 J. D. LAYTON MULTIPLE-USE PAVER Filed Aug. 4, 1964 Jack D.Layf'on A L 7-? n 13F 12: nl a I...

INVENTOR.

United States Patent 3,288,041 MULTIPLE-USE PAVER Jack D. Layton, Salem,0reg., assignor to Layton Manufactoring Co., Salem, Oreg., a corporationof Oregon Filed Aug. 4, 1964, Ser. No. 387,302 Claims. (Cl. 94-46) Thisinvention relates to paving 'machines or pavers, and more particularlyto such machines including a hopper, into which is dumped aggregate forpaving, and means cooperating with said hopper to spread the aggregateas it pours from the hopper.

A type of paving operation frequently performed today comprisessurfacing a ditch or trench such as might have been prepared in analready paved surface for the purpose of receiving a water main, gasline, or other underground equipment. Ditches have widely varyingwidths, and any paver used in such paving operations should be readilyadjustable to accommodate these differences in width. Further, anymachine usable for ditch paving purposes preferably should also beemployable for regular paving operations, such as paving a stripspanning some eight feet or more, as are found in the usual roads.

Generally, an object of this invention is to provide a new and improvedpaving machine, which is especially adapted to pave over ditches ortrenches of varying widths.

Another object is toprovide such a paver, which can pave with equalfacility strips of wide span such as are needed in the paving of anentire road surface.

More specifically, this invention features a paver including a hopperwith an elongated bottom opening which extends transvensely of thepaver, and novel out-off plates with opposed inner marginal portionsfunctioning partially to close off this opening at the base of thehopper. The cut-off plates are shiftable relative to each other, tochange the spacing between opposed inner edges of the plates, theseinner edges defining opposite ends of what is referred to herein as anaggregate flow opening or aperture. With the plates shifted wide apart,a corresponding wide spacing is produced between these edges and an aggregate flow opening of considerable length such as might be employedin the surfacing of a relatively wide ditch results. With the platesmoved together, the opening is made smaller, to accommodate the pavingover of narrower ditches.

In a paving machine adapted to pave an entire road surface with pavementstrips of wide span, a transverse hopper may be provided in the paverhaving a length substantially corresponding to the width desired in theusual paving strip, and material flowing from the base of the hopperforms a strip as wide as the hopper. A screed trailing the hopper andmoving over such material smooths and compacts it. To enable the pavingof strips of wider span, What are referred to as screed extensions maybe mounted on the paver, which are extensible from opposite ends of thehopper. Openings at the end of the hopper enable aggregate to allowlaterally of the paver and against these screed extensions, andstrike-off plates in the extensions plane the material to level it flushwith the material compacted by the screed. According to this invention,additional cut-01f plates may be detachably mounted on these screedextensions, including opposed inner marportions that partially close offa portion of the opening at the base of the 'hopper. By adjustment ofthese screed extensions, the spacing between the cut-off plates may bechanged to vary the size of the open space between the plates. Screedelevators may be mounted adjacent opposite ends of the screed to liftthe screed slightly from the level of the paved surface containing theditch. With this organization, intermediate portions of the screed onlysmooth out newly laid material.

Other objects and advantages are attained by the invention, and the sameis described hereinbelow in conjunction with the accompanying drawings,wherein:

FIG. 1 is a perspective view of portions of a paver, including anelongated transversely extending hopper with an opening extending alongthe base thereof, and showing cut-off plates as contemplated partiallyclosing this opena;

FIG. 2 is a perspective view of rear portions of the paver illustratedin FIG. 1, illustrating mechanism whereby a screed extension may beshifted laterally outwardly to one side of the paver;

FIG. 3 is a cross sectional view, taken generally along the line 33 inFIG. 1, showing how a cut-off plate is supported in the paver with suchplate extending between forward and rear sides of the opening at thebase of the hopper;

FIG. 4 is a perspective view showing portions of a cut-off plate removedfrom the paver; and

FIG. 5 illustrates diagrammatically how the paver operates when pavingover a ditch.

Referring now to the drawings, and first of all more particularly toFIGS. 1 and 2, here a pa'ver is shown indicated generally at 10,including the usual frame 12 and an elongated hopper 14 mounted on thisframe extending transversely of the paver. Ground-traveling means, suchas the endless track partially shown at 1'6, may be mounted on eitherside of the paver adjacent the forward end thereof, for supporting thepaver for movement over the ground.

The paver illustrated may perform the usual paving of an entire roadsurface, by laying down a strip of pavement as wide as hopper 14 islong. In such a paving op eration, a screed 18, which extendstransversely of the paver and trails the hopper, travels over freshaggregate after the material has flowed from the hopper, and smooths andcompacts the aggregate. The screed includes along its base a screedplate 20 which actually slide-s over the aggregate while leveling it.During paving of a strip, the screed supports a portion of the weight ofthe paver, including the load in the hopper, as it will be obvious thatthe tracks in front only support the forward part of the paver.

The paver shown is towed behind a dump tnuck by means of tow arms (notshown) that project forwardly from the paver and are attached to therear lateral support wheel assemblies of the truck. With the paverattached, the hopper has a position beneath rear portions of the dumpbody of the truck, and aggregate, when the body is raised, cascades fromthe dump body into the hopper. scribed are additionally disclosed in mycopending applications entitled Apparatus for Attaching Trailing andLead Vehicles, filed August 4, 1964, and Lift Mechanism, filed April 30,1964, now Patent 3,237,539.

Considering now in more detail specific features forming the paver ofthis invention and referring additionally to FIGS. 3 and 4, hopper 14comprises a forward wall 22, including a sloping upper portion 22a and asubstantially vertical lower portion 22b, a rear wall including portion24, and side walls 26, 28. Between the rear wall and wall portion 22b,an elongated opening 30 is defined extending the length of the hopperalong the base thereof. Detachable, removable cut-off plates 31, to bedescribed in more detail below, are shown partially closing off theopening in FIG. 1.

Side walls 26, 28 have openings 3-2 therein which open up the ends ofthe hopper on either side of the paver. These openings are shown closedin FIG. 1 by cover plates openings by fasteners 35.

Payers of the general description so far de-' Aggregate flow throughopening 30 is controlled by a gate 34, which takes the form of anelongated nonperforate plate binged at 36 to rear wall portion 24. InFIGS. 1 and 3, the gate is shown in a lowered position, however, thegate may be raised to swing its lower edge 34a upwardly and adjacent theforward wall of the hopper, to stop the flow of aggregate from thehopper.

Screed '18 which trails the hopper includes upstanding frame structure40 including a wall 40a along the forward portion thereof. The screed ismounted adjacent each of its ends on rear wall portion 24 of the hopperthrough a universal such as universal 42 which includes a pivot 42a(accommodating pivotal movement about a horizontal transverselyextending axis) about a pivot 42b (accommodating pivotal movement abouta longitudinally extending horizontal axis). Pivot 42b is important inpermitting crown and valley adjustments in the screed, not discussedhere in any detail as it forms no part of the invention. Pivot 42apermits swinging of the screed as the unit about a horizontal transverseaxis. The frame of the paver includes posts 43 carrying adjustable screwmechanisms 44 which are connected at their bottom ends to the screed.With adjustment of screw mechanisms 44, the screed may be swung relativeto the hopper about the horizontal transverse axis described andprovided by pivots 42a, and this effects the thickness of the pavementlaid. With screed 18 swung toward the viewer in FIG. 2, the lowerforward edge of the screed moves away from forward hopper wall 22.

Screed extensions such as the one indicated at 50 are provided in thepaver to enable the production of a pavement strip having a span widerthan the total length of the paver. Although one is obscured in thedrawings, it should be understood that a separate screed extension ispresent on each side of the paver, the two being similar. Each screedextension includes a vertical strike-off or planer plate 52, and avertical edger plate 54 disposed at right angles to the strike-off plateand joined to the outer end thereof. Pipes 56, 58 which extend along thebackside of the strike-01f plate are joined at one set of ends to edgerplate 54, and are slidably received within guides such as guides 60forming part of upstanding structure 40. Pipes 56, 58 are tied togetherby a bracket 62 adjacent their set of ends remote from edger plate 54.It will be noted, as best seen in FIG. 3, that with a screed extensionmounted in place its guide pipes 56, 58 extend along the screed behindupstanding wall 40a of the screed, whereas the strike-off plate 52 inthe extension is positioned in trout of wall 40a of the screed. Wherestrikeoif plates 52 are located behind gate 34- they form, in effect, apart of the rear wall of the hopper in the paver.

A screed extension is moved longitudinally of the hopper or laterally ofthe paver by means of a rack 64 secured to bracket 62, and pinion 68mounted on a turn shaft 70. Shaft 70 is journaled on bearing 71supported on plate 72, which is fixed to bar 73 of structure 40.

In preparing a strip of pavement having a span which is wider than thetotal length of the hopper, and considering first of all the widest spanwhich may be produced with the paver, cover plates 33 are removed fromopenings 32 and cut-olf plates 31 at the base of the hopper are alsoremoved. Both screed extensions 50 on either side of the apparatus areextended to the greatest extent possible using the turn shafts describedwhich consitute actuating means for producing such movement. Withaggregate dumped into the hopper and on the paver being towed forwardlyover the surface to be paved, aggregate flows out through opening 30 tobe leveled and smoothed by the screed trailing the opening. Aggregatealso cascades out from the ends of the hopper through openings 32 andthis aggregate is leveled and smoothed by the strike-olf platesdescribed in the screed extensions. The edger plates form the margins ofthe strip being laid; If one or both of the extensions 50 are movedinwardly, a. narrower strip is produced. The specific width of a stripin 4 each case is determined by the spacing between the opposed edgerplates 54. To produce a strip having a width equaling approximately thelength of the hopper, the extensions are moved fully inwardly topositions where the edger plates completely close opening 32 at the endsof the hopper.

According to this invention, when it is desired to pave over a ditchbounded along opposite margins by already paved surfaces, openings 32 inthe side walls of the hopper are closed using cover plates 33, opening30 extending along the base of the hopper is partially closed byinserting cut-off plates 31, and the rear of the paver is slightlyelevated from the level of the paved surfaces through elevators 84fastened to the ends of the screed. With these adjustments, aggregateflows only from an in-. 'termediate portion of opening 32, and anintermediate por tion of the screed only is employedto smooth and levelpaving material. End portions of the screed, and the strike-off platesand edges of the extensions are maintained above pavement level, whicheliminates wear in these parts.

Considering more specifically the construction of a cut-off plate, oneof these plates is shown in FIG. 4 detached from the paver. The plateincludes an upstanding flange 90, an expansive base 92, a horizontalflange 94 elevated from base 92, and an upstanding web 96 joining thehorizontal flange and base 92. Along a margin of base 92, adjacentvertical flange 90, are a series of apertures or bores 98.

Each screed extension includes along the lower edge thereof a horizontalsupport flange or portion 100' which is joined to the strike-off platein the extension. This flange has joined thereto upstanding pins 102distributed along the length thereof. The support flange and pinsconstitute means for interlocking a cut-off plate and screed extensionalong one margin of the cut-off plate.

Vertical lower portion 22b of the forward hopper wall has detachablysecured thereagainst an angle iron 104. This angle iron extends alongsubstantially the length of opening 30. Flange 106 of the angle ironfunctions as a rail or track while supporting the forward edges of thecut-off plates when the latter are mounted in position as tially closeoff opening 30. Opposed inner edges of the 1 plates, shown at 110, 112,define the ends of what is referred to herein as an aggregate flowopening at the base of the hopper Cover plates 33 have bottom edges 116positioned closely adjacent the top sides of the cut-off 1 plates, andprevent aggregate from cascading out the sides of the paver. Inside thehopper, gate 34 is placed with its lower edge thereof close adjacent thetop faces of bases 92 in the cutoff plates. The gate has an overlyingrelationship with respect to supports 100 and pins 102, and

functions to shield these elements from aggregate.

Elevators 84 each may take the form of an angle piece 1 118, including asloping front web 120 which acts as a. The elevators are detachablysecured to'the 1 deflector. screed as by fasteners 122, which connect anelevator to a portion 124 forming part of the screed. With the ele--vators in place, the bottoms of the elevators are somewhat below thebase of the screed.

In paving over a ditch bounded by paved areas, and

referring to FIGS. 1 and 5, an aggregate flow opening is left betweenthe cut-off plates which is substantially as long as the ditch which itis desired to pave over is wide. With the paver moved over and along theditch, such as the ditch 134 in FIG. 5, material flows out through theopening and is leveled oflf along a plane which is slightly With twocut-off plates mounted in As previously discussed, theinnermarginofscreed 18" moves toward and away fromwall22b of the hopper,on adjustment of screw mechanisms. This movement results in some lateralshifting of the cut-off plates relative to front wall 22b, since thecut-off plates move with the screed. Angle iron 104 accommodates suchlateral movement. The movement, of course, is not so great as to causeflange 94 to move completely ofi flange 106 of the angle iron.

While an embodiment of the invention has been described, it is notthereby intended to be strictly limited thereto, as it is desired tocover all modifications and variations as would be apparent to oneskilled in the art, and that come within the scope of the appendedclaims.

It is claimed and desired to secure by Letters Patent:

1. In a paver including an elongated hopper extending transversely ofthe paver, having an elongated opening extending longitudinally alongthe base of the hopper, said hopper including an upright forward walldefining the front side of said opening,

an elongated support substantially paralleling said opening, extendingalong the opening on the rear side thereof,

a horizontally disposed cut-off plate, including an inner rnanginalportion partially closing off said opening, and having a rear edgedetachably locked to said support,

a horizontal track exposed to the inside of the hopper mounted on saidforward wall,

said cut-off plate'having a forward edge slidably supported on saidtrack, and

means for moving said support laterally of said paver,

with said support then producing corresponding movement in said cut-offplate.

2. In a paver including an elongated transversely extending hopper withan elongated opening extending along the length thereof at its base, andground-traveling means supporting the hopper for movement over theground; a pair of extensible devices mounted adjacent opposite sides ofsaid paver, each of which is extensible laterally of the paver fromadjacent an end of the hopper; each of said extensible devices includingan elongated support which is exposed to the inside of said hopper andwhich extends along the opening adjacent the rear of the opening, saidsupports shifting laterally outwardly of the paver on extension of thedevices; a cut-off plate mounted on each of the devices, each cut-offplate having an edge resting on a support of an extensible device; meansdetachably locking each cut-off plate to the support on which it rests;and guide means exposed to the inside of the hopper extending along thefront of said opening movably supporting said cut-off plates; saidcut-off plates having opposed inner edges adjustably spaced from eachother by movement of said extensible devices.

3. The paver of claim 2, wherein said supports are movable laterally ofsaid opening, said guide means comprises elongated rail structureextending longitudinally of said opening, constructed to accommodatemovement of the cut-off plates both laterally and longitudinally of therail structure.

4. In a paver including an elongated hopper having forward and rearwalls and an elongated bottom opening extending along the length of thehopper between said walls; means supporting the hopper for movement in alateral direction over 'the ground; an elongated shut-off gate withinthe hopper above said opening for cont-rolling the flow of aggregatethrough the opening, and means mounting said gate on one of said walls;an extensible device adjacent each end of the hopper comprising anelongated movable support extending longitudinally of the opening, saidsupports being adjacent one side of the opening and beneath the meansmounting said gate on said one of said walls, and the shut-off gatebeing in coveringrelation over the support; opposed cut-off plates belowsaid shut-otf gate with opposed inner marginal portions partiallyclosing off said opening; said cut-off plates having a set of side edgessupported on said supports; and means disposed with the shut-off gate incovering relation thereover detachably connecting said side edges of thecut-' off plates and said supports.

5. The paver of claim 4 which further comprises guide means exposed tothe inside of the hopper extending along the side of said openingopposite its said one side, and wherein said cut-off plates have anotherset of side edges opposite their first-mentioned set of side edgesmovably supported on said guide means.

6. The paver of claim 5, which further includes a screed and the base ofthe screed is movable transversely of said opening, and wherein saidsupports are mounted on said screed, and said guide means accommodatemovement of the cut-off plates in a direction extending transversely ofsaid opening.

7. In a paver including a hopper having forward and rear walls forholding paving material, and a screed mounted adjacent the rear of thehopper with a plate along the base of said screed which is movabletoward and away from the forward wall of the hopper on adjustment of thescreed; an opening along the base of the hopper disposed between saidforward Wall and said screed; an extensible device extensible laterallyof the paver mounted on said screed and partaking also of the movementsin the screed, said device including an elongated movable supportextending along the rear of said opening exposed to the inside saidhopper which support shifts laterally outwardly relative to the paver onextension of the device; a cut-off plate detachably locked to saidextensible device having one edge supported by said support; and guidemeans extending along the front of said opening adjacent said forwardwall which guide means supports said cut-off plate for movement in alateral direction as produced by lateral movement of said support, saidguide means also accommodating such movement in said cut-off plate as isproduced by movement of said support on adjustment in the position ofsaid screed.

8. In a paver including a frame and ground-traveling means supportingthe paver for movement over the ground,

an elongated 'hopper mounted on the frame extending transversely of thepaver having an elongated opening extending longitudinally of the hopperalong the base thereof,

an elongated transversely extending screed, mounted on the framerearwardly of the hopper and its said opening, adapted to smoothaggregate pouring from the hopper while supporting a portion of theweight of the paver,

an elongated upright strike-01f plate extending longitudinally of saidhopper, adjacent each end of the hopper, and extensible means supportingthe strikeoff plate for movement outwardly of the paver,

a horizontal cut-01f plate mounted on each of said strike-off plates,with an inner marginal portion partially closing off said opening,

said cut-off plates having opposed inner edges spaced from each otherunder said hopper and defining opposite ends of an aggregate flowaperture at the 'base of the hopper, and

a pair of screed elevators attached to said screed adjacent oppositeends thereof, respectively, each adapted to ride on a supporting surfacewhile holding a screed end above said surface, intermediate portions ofsaid screed in this position of the screed being operable to level offaggregate flowing through said aggregate 7. flow opening along a planesomewhat above the supporting surfaces upon which the elevators ride.

9. The paver of claim 8, wherein each cut-off plate is mounted on astrike-01f plate by detachable locking means connecting an edge of thecut-0E plate and strike-ofi plate, and wherein elongated rail structureis provided movably supporting an oppositeedge of the cut-01f plate.

10. The paver of claim 9, which further includes a gate mounted withinthe hopper abovesaid opening, for

controlling the flow of aggregate through the opening, and 10 ReferencesCited by the Examiner UNITED STATES PATENTS CHARLES E. OCONNELL, PrimaryExaminer.

N. C. BYERS, Assistant Examiner.

1. IN A PAVER INCLUDING AN ELONGATED HOPPER EXTENDING TRANSVERSELY OFTHE PAVER, HAVING AN ELONGATED OPENING EXTENDING LONGITUDINALLY ALONGTHE BASE OF THE HOPPER, SAID HOPPER INCLUDING AN UPRIGHT FORWARD WALLDEFINING THE FRONT SIDE OF SAID OPENING, AN ELONGATED SUPPORTSUBSTANTIALLY PARALLELING SAID OPENING, EXTENDING ALONG THE OPENING ONTHE REAR SIDE THEREOF, A HORIZONTALLY DISPOSED CUT-OFF PLATE, INCLUDINGAN INNER MARGINAL PORTION PARTIALLY CLOSING OFF SAID OPENING, AND HAVINGA REAR EDGE DETACHABLY LOCKED TO SAID SUPPORT, A HORIZONTAL TRACKEXPOSED TO THE INSIDE OF THE HOPPER MOUNTED ON SAID FORWARD WALL, SAIDCUT-OFF PLATE HAVING A FORWARD EDGE SLIDABLY SUPPORTED ON SAID TRACK,AND MEANS FOR MOVING SAID SUPPORT LATERALLY OF SAID PAVER, WITH SAIDSUPPORT THEN PRODUCING CORRESPONDING MOVEMENT IN SAID CUT-OFF PLATE.